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高通過率的L4M7證照資訊，高質量的考試資料幫助妳輕松通過L4M7考試

L4M7 考古題覆蓋了最新的考試指南，確保考生一次性通過 L4M7 考試。CIPS 認證專家根據 L4M7 考試主題編訂，適合全球的考生使用，提高考生的通過率。Level 4 Diploma in Procurement and Supply 是一張高級網路專家認可證書，亦是全球公認的專業認證。L4M7 認證主要的目的是讓網路工程師能在現今變化迅速的資訊網路環境中，都能掌握和擁有最先進的網路技術，任何時候都能保持領導地位。

該考試旨在為那些希望將自己的職業生涯提升到新的水平並在行業中獲得競爭優勢的人設計。 CIPS L4M7考試涵蓋了一系列主題，包括資產識別、分類、評估、維護和處置。這些主題對於任何希望成為資產管理專業人士的人都是必不可少的。

CIPS L4M7認證考試是資產管理領域的高度尊重和公認的認證。該認證在全球範圍內得到認可，並證明了持有人在資產管理方面的知識和專業知識。該認證受到雇主的高度評價，可以增強該領域的專業人員的職業前景。

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CIPS L4M7考試涵蓋資產管理的各個方面，包括資產規劃、收購、運營、維護和處置。它還涵蓋全生命周期成本和風險管理的原則，以及管轄資產管理實踐的法律和監管框架。

最新的 Level 4 Diploma in Procurement and Supply L4M7 免費考試真題 (Q23-Q28):

問題 #23
Removal or disposal of assets should depend on an assessment of which of the following? SelectTWOthat apply.

• A. Location of the equipment and accessibility
• B. Consumer demand for the product
• C. The current rate of interest for new equipment
• D. Type of equipment and incorporated components
• E. The total cost of the equipment

答案：A,D

問題 #24
Lean principle focuses on eliminating eight types of waste. Waste in Lean manufacturing is defined as...?

• A. Rejection of material because of quality related problems
• B. Part of any activity which is inevitable
• C. Part of activity when operator is idle
• D. Non value-adding steps in a process

答案：D

解題說明：
Lean thinking aims to remove wastes from work processes. Before diving into the 8 wastes, it is important to understand what waste is. Waste is any action or step in a process that does not add value to the customer. In other words, waste is any process that the customer does not want to pay for.
The original seven wastes (Muda) was developed by Taiichi Ohno, the Chief Engineer at Toyota, as part of the Toyota Production System (TPS). The seven wastes are Transportation, Inventory, Motion, Waiting, Overproduction, Overprocessing and Defects. They are often referred to by the acronym 'TIMWOOD'. The
8th waste of non-utilized talent or 'Skills' of workers was later introduced in the 1990s when the Toyota Production System was adopted in the Western world. As a result, the 8 wastes are commonly referred to as
'TIMWOODS'.
Source: The lean way

問題 #25
Which of the following is another name for scheduled (routine) maintenance?

• A. Predictive maintenance
• B. Run to breakdown
• C. Corrective maintenance
• D. Preventative maintenance

答案：D

解題說明：
There are different types of maintenance that organizations use to increase the uptime of their assets and utility of their facilities. Based on an organization's budget, amount of resources, level of combined experience, and maintenance goals, one or more maintenance types are used.
Proactive types of maintenance
Preventive maintenance
Preventive maintenance is the most popular type of proactive maintenance. To start conducting preventive maintenance tasks (PMs), an organization does not need to purchase new technology if it already has a CMMS. This is not the case with predictive maintenance which requires condition monitoring sensors and new software integrations. However, with preventive maintenance, the or-ganization runs the risk of over- scheduling maintenance tasks because tasks are scheduled based on time rather than actual conditions. That said, preventive maintenance achieves 12% to 18% cost savings over reactive maintenance.
Predictive maintenance
Predictive maintenance (PdM) is what savvy maintenance teams aspire to have or are already im-plementing.
The major barrier to PdM is the time it takes to implement rather than the cost of the technology itself. For instance, a vibration sensor that can identify imbalance, misalignment, and resonance issues only costs around
$200. But the time it takes to install, integrate with other maintenance software, and adopt a culture around is not time that all organizations are willing to allocate. For those that do allocate the time, PdM provides an 8% to 12% cost savings over preventive maintenance.
Condition-based maintenance
Condition-based maintenance (CBM) is at the core of predictive maintenance but, on its own, does not rely on technology to determine the condition of an asset like PdM does. For instance, a manager may instruct an operator to monitor the condition of an asset and submit a work request when a specific condition is met. This approach may, or may not be, as reliable as predictive maintenance. An organization that has highly-trained operators may spot hazardous conditions better than an organization using PdM technology that doesn't know what to look for.
Scheduled maintenance
Scheduled maintenance includes work that is scheduled on a calendar for completion. The most common type of scheduled maintenance is calendar-based preventive maintenance tasks. These are scheduled well in advance of completion. For instance, an asset with a monthly PM has twelve instances of scheduled maintenance in a given year. However, just because maintenance is scheduled does not mean it's planned.
Planned maintenance implies that a maintenance planner or other type of maintenance worker has fully planned for parts, materials, skills, and other resources to be available during the scheduled time window.
Planned maintenance
Planned maintenance is work that's prepared for in advance of it taking place. According to an UpKeep survey, it's also the most popular key performance indicator (KPI) to track. A high planned maintenance percentage indicates that a maintenance team will have resources available to complete work for the time/day the work is scheduled for. Having a high planned maintenance percentage also helps boost other maintenance KPIs like schedule compliance. More planned maintenance means more successful completion of scheduled maintenance.
Routine maintenance
Routine maintenance is a form of time-based maintenance and preventive maintenance, though some organizations differentiate between routine maintenance and preventive maintenance. They use the latter for smaller tasks (i.e. cleaning) performed at higher frequencies (hourly, daily) and the former for larger tasks (i.
e. inspections) performed at lower frequencies (weekly, monthly, annually). Additionally, routine maintenance is performed by operators, janitors, and other staff member while preventive maintenance is performed by technicians. Non-routine maintenance includes maintenance that is performed reactively or only when needed based on an asset's conditions.
Reactive types of maintenance
Emergency maintenance
Emergency maintenance occurs when an asset requires immediate attention in order to keep a facility operational or safe. This is the most reactive and intrusive type of maintenance as it pulls technicians away from other jobs and lowers schedule compliance. In extreme circumstances, emergency maintenance can set an organization back days depending on the scope of the repair, available parts, and the asset's level of importance. To reduce the amount of emergency maintenance that is both unplanned and unscheduled, organizations adopt various forms of proactive maintenance.
Corrective maintenance
Corrective maintenance is inherently part of emergency maintenance because, when there is an emergency, something needs corrected or fixed. In this way, corrective maintenance is mostly reactive. However, it can also be proactive. If an asset with a condition monitoring sensor detects an issue, a workorder is created and a technician is sent to correct it. Similarly, preventive maintenance is considered corrective maintenance if there is an issue to fix. This is rare though as PMs are often conducted when an asset is in good working order.
Other types of maintenance
Deferred maintenance
Deferred maintenance includes repairs and inspections that are put into a backlog due to limited budget and resources. While deferring maintenance saves money up front, the costs of not performing important maintenance compounds at 7% annually. Rising costs come from fines resulting from missed inspections and unscheduled downtime that brings production to a standstill. By far, deferred maintenance and emergency maintenance are the least desired types of maintenance.
Total productive maintenance
Total productive maintenance (TPM) is the broadest type of maintenance that targets more than the assets that need maintained. It also aims to improve employee satisfaction and overall morale in the workplace, specifically in manufacturing plants. TPM does this by increasing overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) and the amount of planned maintenance. More planned work means more workers have the resources they need to do their job, which means higher levels of satisfaction. TPM also leverages machine operators to participate in maintenance and take ownership of their equipment.

問題 #26
Is it correct to state that the accuracy of demand forecasts depends on the accuracy of the available information?

• A. No, considerations such as the skill and objectivity of the forecasters are always more important
• B. No, the only information determining the accuracy of demand forecasts is extracted from stock issue notes
• C. Yes, and that information can only be verified and approved by the suppliers
• D. Yes, including other considerations such as the validity and reliability of the information

答案：D

解題說明：
Demand forecasting accuracy relies on the validity and reliability of available data. Forecasting is strengthened when information sources are credible, accurate, and consistently updated. In whole-life asset management, precise forecasting minimizes excess inventory and aligns inventory levels with demand, reducing holding costs and improving supply chain efficiency.

問題 #27
Why would an organisation need to hold safety stock?

• A. To allow for a faster and more efficient inventory turnover which will aid the cash flow of the organisation
• B. To allow for the loss of idle time and to spread the fixed overheads across a reduced level of output
• C. To cover shortages due to agreed lead times being exceeded or the actual demand being greater than anticipated
• D. To create zero inventories and allow the development of a Just-In-Time (JIT) approach to inventory management

答案：C

問題 #28
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