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DOP-C02 Valid Test Sample, New DOP-C02 Test Objectives

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The AWS Certified DevOps Engineer – Professional (DOP-C02) is an advanced-level certification offered by Amazon Web Services (AWS). AWS Certified DevOps Engineer - Professional certification is designed for IT professionals who have experience in developing and managing applications on the AWS platform. It is intended to validate the skills and expertise of individuals in implementing, automating, and managing DevOps practices on AWS.

The DOP-C02 Exam is a challenging and comprehensive exam that requires a high level of experience and expertise in the field of DevOps. DOP-C02 exam consists of multiple-choice questions and hands-on exercises that test the candidate's ability to design, deploy, and manage applications on the AWS platform using DevOps principles and practices.

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Amazon AWS Certified DevOps Engineer - Professional Sample Questions (Q178-Q183):

NEW QUESTION # 178
A DevOps engineer has created an AWS CloudFormation template that deploys an application on Amazon EC2 instances The EC2 instances run Amazon Linux The application is deployed to the EC2 instances by using shell scripts that contain user data. The EC2 instances have an 1AM instance profile that has an 1AM role with the AmazonSSMManagedlnstanceCore managed policy attached The DevOps engineer has modified the user data in the CloudFormation template to install a new version of the application. The engineer has also applied the stack update. However, the application was not updated on the running EC2 instances. The engineer needs to ensure that the changes to the application are installed on the running EC2 instances.
Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

A. Refactor the user data commands to use the cfn-init helper script. Update the user data to install and configure the cfn-hup and cfn-mit helper scripts to monitor and apply the metadata changes
B. Configure the user data content to use the Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) multipart format. Set the scripts-user parameter to always in the text/cloud-config section.
C. Refactor the user data command to use an AWS Systems Manager document (SSM document) Use Systems Manager State Manager to create an association between the SSM document and the EC2 instances.
D. Configure an EC2 launch template for the EC2 instances. Create a new EC2 Auto Scaling group.
Associate the Auto Scaling group with the EC2 launch template Use the AutoScalingScheduledAction update policy for the Auto Scaling group.
E. Refactor the user data commands to use an AWS Systems Manager document (SSM document). Add an AWS CLI command in the user data to use Systems Manager Run Command to apply the SSM document to the EC2 instances

Answer: A,C

Explanation:
Refactor User Data to Use cfn-init and cfn-hup:
* cfn-inithelps to bootstrap the instance, installing packages and starting services.
* cfn-hupis a daemon that can monitor metadata changes and re-apply configurations when necessary.
Example user data script withcfn-init:
#!/bin/bash
yum update -y
yum install -y aws-cfn-bootstrap
/opt/aws/bin/cfn-init -v --stack ${AWS::StackName} --resource WebServer --region ${AWS::Region}
/opt/aws/bin/cfn-hup
Use Systems Manager State Manager:
* State Manager can automatically apply an AWS Systems Manager document to instances at regular intervals, ensuring configurations are kept up-to-date.
Steps:
* Create an SSM document that installs and configures your application.
* Use State Manager to associate this document with your EC2 instances.
Example SSM document:
{
"schemaVersion": "2.2",
"description": "Install My Application",
"mainSteps": [
{
"action": "aws:runShellScript",
"name": "installApplication",
"inputs": {
"runCommand": [
"yum install -y my-application"
]
}
}
]
}
Create State Manager association:
aws ssm create-association --name "InstallMyApplication" --instance-id <instance-id> --document-version
"$LATEST"
References:
* Using cfn-init and cfn-hup
* AWS Systems Manager State Manager

NEW QUESTION # 179
A DevOps engineer has developed an AWS Lambda function The Lambda function starts an AWS CloudFormation drift detection operation on all supported resources for a specific CloudFormation stack The Lambda function then exits Its invocation The DevOps engineer has created an Amazon EventBrdge scheduled rule that Invokes the Lambda function every hour. An Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic already exists In the AWS account. The DevOps engineer has subscribed to the SNS topic to receive notifications The DevOps engineer needs to receive a notification as soon as possible when drift is detected in this specific stack configuration.
Which solution Will meet these requirements?

A. Configure Amazon GuardDuty in the account with drift detection for all CloudFormation stacks. Create a second EventBndge rule that reacts to the GuardDuty drift detection event finding for the specific CloudFormation stack. Configure the SNS topic as a target of the second EventBridge rule.
B. Configure the existing EventBridge rule to also target the SNS topic Configure an SNS subscription filter policy to match the Cloud Formation stack. Attach the subscription filter policy to the SNS tomc
C. Create a second Lambda function to query the CloudFormation API for the drift detection results for the stack Configure the second Lambda function to publish a message to the SNS topic If drift ts detected Adjust the existing EventBridge rule to also target the second Lambda function
D. Configure AWS Config in the account. Use the cloudformation-stack-drift-detection-check managed rule. Create a second EventBndge rule that reacts to a compliance change event for the CloudFormaUon stack. Configure the SNS topc as a target of the second EventBridge rule.

Answer: D

Explanation:
A comprehensive and detailed explanation is:
Option A is incorrect because EventBridge rules cannot filter events based on the message body or attributes of the target service. Therefore, configuring an SNS subscription filter policy to match the CloudFormation stack will not work. The SNS topic will receive all events from the EventBridge rule, regardless of the stack name or drift status.
Option B is incorrect because it introduces unnecessary complexity and cost. Creating a second Lambda function to query the CloudFormation API for the drift detection results is redundant, since CloudFormation already publishes drift detection events to EventBridge. Moreover, invoking two Lambda functions every hour will incur more charges than invoking one.
Option C is incorrect because GuardDuty does not provide drift detection for CloudFormation stacks. GuardDuty is a threat detection service that monitors for malicious activity and unauthorized behavior in AWS accounts and workloads. It does not monitor or report on configuration changes or drifts in CloudFormation stacks.
Option D is correct because it leverages AWS Config and its managed rule for drift detection. AWS Config is a service that enables you to assess, audit, and evaluate the configurations of your AWS resources. It can detect configuration changes and drifts in CloudFormation stacks using the cloudformation-stack-drift-detection-check managed rule. This rule triggers an AWS Config event when a stack drifts from its expected template configuration. By creating a second EventBridge rule that reacts to this event for the specific stack, the DevOps engineer can configure the SNS topic as a target and receive a notification as soon as possible when drift is detected.
References:
AWS Config
Amazon SNS subscription filter policies
Amazon EventBridge rules

NEW QUESTION # 180
A company is hosting a static website from an Amazon S3 bucket. The website is available to customers at example.com. The company uses an Amazon Route 53 weighted routing policy with a TTL of 1 day. The company has decided to replace the existing static website with a dynamic web application. The dynamic web application uses an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in front of a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances.
On the day of production launch to customers, the company creates an additional Route 53 weighted DNS record entry that points to the ALB with a weight of 255 and a TTL of 1 hour. Two days later, a DevOps engineer notices that the previous static website is displayed sometimes when customers navigate to example.com.
How can the DevOps engineer ensure that the company serves only dynamic content for example.com?

A. Update the weighted DNS record entry that points to the S3 bucket. Apply a weight of 0. Specify the domain reset option to propagate changes immediately.
B. Delete all objects, including previous versions, from the S3 bucket that contains the static website content.
C. Remove the weighted DNS record entry that points to the S3 bucket from the example.com hosted zone. Wait for DNS propagation to become complete.
D. Configure webpage redirect requests on the S3 bucket with a hostname that redirects to the ALB.

Answer: C

NEW QUESTION # 181
A DevOps engineer uses AWS CodeBuild to frequently produce software packages. The CodeBuild project builds large Docker images that the DevOps engineer can use across multiple builds. The DevOps engineer wants to improve build performance and minimize costs. Which solution will meet these requirements?

A. Cache the Docker images in an Amazon S3 bucket that is available across multiple build hosts. Expire the cache by using an S3 Lifecycle policy.
B. Store the Docker images in an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository. Modify the CodeBuild project runtime configuration to always use the most recent image version.
C. Store the Docker images in an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository.
Implement a local Docker layer cache for CodeBuild.
D. Create custom AMIs that contain the cached Docker images. In the CodeBuild build, launch Amazon EC2 instances from the custom AMIs.

Answer: C

Explanation:
Step 1: Storing Docker Images in Amazon ECRDocker images can be large, and storing them in a centralized, scalable location can greatly reduce build times. Amazon Elastic Container Registry (ECR) is a fully managed container registry that stores, manages, and deploys Docker container images.
Action: Store the Docker images in an ECR repository.
Why: Storing Docker images in ECR ensures that Docker images can be reused across multiple builds, improving build performance by avoiding the need to rebuild the images from scratch.
Reference: AWS documentation on Amazon ECR.
Step 2: Implementing Docker Layer Caching in CodeBuildDocker layer caching is essential for improving performance in continuous integration pipelines. CodeBuild supports local caching of Docker layers, which speeds up builds that reuse Docker images across multiple runs.
Action: Implement Docker layer caching within the CodeBuild project.
Why: This improves performance by allowing frequently used Docker layers to be cached locally, avoiding the need to pull or build the layers every time.
Reference: AWS documentation on Docker Layer Caching in CodeBuild.
This corresponds to Option A: Store the Docker images in an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository. Implement a local Docker layer cache for CodeBuild.

NEW QUESTION # 182
A company's development team uses AVMS Cloud Formation to deploy its application resources The team must use for an changes to the environment The team cannot use AWS Management Console or the AWS CLI to make manual changes directly.
The team uses a developer IAM role to access the environment The role is configured with the Admnistratoraccess managed policy. The company has created a new Cloudformationdeployment IAM role that has the following policy.

The company wants ensure that only CloudFormation can use the new role. The development team cannot make any manual changes to the deployed resources.
Which combination of steps meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

A. Configure the IAM to be to get and pass the CloudFormationDeployment role if cloudformation actions for resources,
B. Remove the AdministratorAccess policy. Assign the ReadOnIyAccess managed IAM policy to the developer role. Instruct the developers to use the CloudFormationDeployment role as a CloudFormation service role when the developers deploy new stacks.
C. Add an IAM policy to CloudFormationDeplyment to allow cloudformation * on an Add a policy that allows the iam.PassR01e action for ARN of if iam PassedT0Service equal cloudformation.amazonaws.com
D. Update the trust of CloudFormationDeployment role to allow the developer IAM role to assume the CloudFormationDepoyment role.
E. Remove me Administratoraccess policy. Assign the ReadOnly/Access managed IAM policy to the developer role Instruct the developers to assume the CloudFormatondeployment role when the developers new stacks
F. Update the trust Of the CloudFormationDepoyment role to anow the cloudformation.amazonaws.com AWS principal to perform the iam:AssumeR01e action

Answer: B,C,F

Explanation:
The correct answer is A, D, and F)
A comprehensive and detailed explanation is:
Option A is correct because removing the AdministratorAccess policy and assigning the ReadOnlyAccess managed IAM policy to the developer role is a valid way to prevent the developers from making any manual changes to the deployed resources. The AdministratorAccess policy grants full access to all AWS resources and actions, which is not necessary for the developers. The ReadOnlyAccess policy grants read-only access to most AWS resources and actions, which is sufficient for the developers to view the status of their stacks. Instructing the developers to use the CloudFormationDeployment role as a CloudFormation service role when they deploy new stacks is also a valid way to ensure that only CloudFormation can use the new role. A CloudFormation service role is an IAM role that allows CloudFormation to make calls to resources in a stack on behalf of the user1. The user can specify a service role when they create or update a stack, and CloudFormation will use that role's credentials for all operations that are performed on that stack1.
Option B is incorrect because updating the trust of CloudFormationDeployment role to allow the developer IAM role to assume the CloudFormationDeployment role is not a valid solution. This would allow the developers to manually assume the CloudFormationDeployment role and perform actions on the deployed resources, which is not what the company wants. The trust of CloudFormationDeployment role should only allow the cloudformation.amazonaws.com AWS principal to assume the role, as in option D) Option C is incorrect because configuring the IAM user to be able to get and pass the CloudFormationDeployment role if cloudformation actions for resources is not a valid solution. This would allow the developers to manually pass the CloudFormationDeployment role to other services or resources, which is not what the company wants. The IAM user should only be able to pass the CloudFormationDeployment role as a service role when they create or update a stack with CloudFormation, as in option A.
Option D is correct because updating the trust of CloudFormationDeployment role to allow the cloudformation.amazonaws.com AWS principal to perform the iam:AssumeRole action is a valid solution. This allows CloudFormation to assume the CloudFormationDeployment role and access resources in other services on behalf of the user2. The trust policy of an IAM role defines which entities can assume the role2. By specifying cloudformation.amazonaws.com as the principal, you grant permission only to CloudFormation to assume this role.
Option E is incorrect because instructing the developers to assume the CloudFormationDeployment role when they deploy new stacks is not a valid solution. This would allow the developers to manually assume the CloudFormationDeployment role and perform actions on the deployed resources, which is not what the company wants. The developers should only use the CloudFormationDeployment role as a service role when they deploy new stacks with CloudFormation, as in option A.
Option F is correct because adding an IAM policy to CloudFormationDeployment that allows cloudformation:* on all resources and adding a policy that allows the iam:PassRole action for ARN of CloudFormationDeployment if iam:PassedToService equals cloudformation.amazonaws.com are valid solutions. The first policy grants permission for CloudFormationDeployment to perform any action with any resource using cloudformation.amazonaws.com as a service principal3. The second policy grants permission for passing this role only if it is passed by cloudformation.amazonaws.com as a service principal4. This ensures that only CloudFormation can use this role.
Reference:
1: AWS CloudFormation service roles
2: How to use trust policies with IAM roles
3: AWS::IAM::Policy
4: IAM: Pass an IAM role to a specific AWS service

NEW QUESTION # 183
......

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