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Realistic Test JN0-664 Questions Answers - Latest Braindumps Service Provider, Professional (JNCIP-SP) Ebook Free PDF

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Juniper Service Provider, Professional (JNCIP-SP) Sample Questions (Q43-Q48):

NEW QUESTION # 43
Exhibit

You want to use both links between R1 and R2 Because of the bandwidth difference between the two links, you must ensure that the links are used as much as possible.
Which action will accomplish this goal?

A. Define a policy to tag routes with the appropriate bandwidth community.
B. Disable multipath.
C. Ensure that the metric-out parameter on the Gigabit Ethernet interface is higher than the 10 Gigibit Ethernet interface.
D. Enable per-prefix load balancing.

Answer: A

Explanation:
https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/junos/sampling-forwarding-monitoring/bgp/topics/concept/bgp-multipath-unequal-understanding.html

NEW QUESTION # 44
Exhibit

CE-1 and CE-2 are part of a VPLS called Customer1 No connectivity exists between CE-1 and CE-2. In the process of troubleshooting, you notice PE-1 is not learning any routes for this VPLS from PE-2, and PE-2 is not learning any routes for this VPLS from PE-1.

A. The route distinguisher must match on PE-1 and PE-2.
B. The route target must match on PE-1 and PE-2.
C. The instance type should be changed to I2vpn.
D. The no-tunnel-services statement should be deleted on both PEs.

Answer: B

Explanation:
VPLS is a technology that provides Layer 2 VPN services over an MPLS network. VPLS uses BGP as its control protocol to exchange VPN membership information between PE routers. The route target is a BGP extended community attribute that identifies which VPN a route belongs to. The route target must match on PE routers that participate in the same VPLS instance, otherwise they will not accept or advertise routes for that VPLS.

NEW QUESTION # 45
Which two EVPN route types are used to advertise a multihomed Ethernet segment? (Choose two )

A. Type 2
B. Type 1
C. Type 3
D. Type 4

Answer: B,D

Explanation:
EVPN is a solution that provides Ethernet multipoint services over MPLS networks. EVPN uses BGP to distribute endpoint provisioning information and set up pseudowires between PE devices. EVPN uses different route types to convey different information in the control plane. The following are the main EVPN route types:
Type 1 - Ethernet Auto-Discovery Route: This route type is used for network-wide messaging and discovery of other PE devices that are part of the same EVPN instance. It also carries information about the redundancy mode and load balancing algorithm of the PE devices.
Type 2 - MAC/IP Advertisement Route: This route type is used for MAC and IP address learning and advertisement between PE devices. It also carries information about the Ethernet segment identifier (ESI) and the label for forwarding traffic to the MAC or IP address.
Type 3 - Inclusive Multicast Ethernet Tag Route: This route type is used for broadcast, unknown unicast, and multicast (BUM) traffic forwarding. It also carries information about the multicast group and the label for forwarding BUM traffic.
Type 4 - Ethernet Segment Route: This route type is used for multihoming scenarios, where a CE device is connected to more than one PE device. It also carries information about the ESI and the designated forwarder (DF) election process.

NEW QUESTION # 46
Click the Exhibit button.

You enabled a new router (R3) in your network but all destinations using IS-IS routes are not properly load balancing over this new router.
Referring to the exhibit, what is the problem?

A. R2 is missing internal routes for R1.
B. R1 does not have wide-metrics enabled.
C. R1 is missing internal routes for R2.
D. R3 does not have wide-metrics enabled.

Answer: D

Explanation:
Let's dive into this IS-IS routing problem with a Juniper Networks (JNCIP-SP) perspective, analyze the exhibit, and determine why load balancing isn't working as expected after adding the new router R3. I'll provide a verified answer and a detailed explanation step by step.
C: R3 does not have wide-metrics enabled.
Detailed Explanation
1. Understanding the Exhibit
The exhibit shows the output of IS-IS database commands on two routers, R1 and R2, at Level 2 (L2). IS-IS (Intermediate System to Intermediate System) is a link-state routing protocol commonly used in service provider networks. The output provides details about the IS-IS database, including IP prefixes, metrics, and whether the router supports "wide metrics."
* R1's IS-IS Database (Level 2):
* IP prefix: 10.100.34.0/24
* Internal, Metric: default 63, Up
* IP extended prefix: 10.100.34.0/24, metric 63, Up
* IP extended prefix: 10.100.13.0/24, metric 63, Up
* R2's IS-IS Database (Level 2):
* IP extended prefix: 10.100.12.0/24, metric 1000, Up
* IP extended prefix: 10.100.23.0/24, metric 1000, Up
Additionally, the exhibit mentions that R1 and R2 can "find TLVs" and "match prefix," indicating they are processing IS-IS Type-Length-Value (TLV) data correctly. However, R3 has been newly added, and load balancing across this router isn't working as expected.
2. Key Concepts in IS-IS
To understand the issue, let's break down some critical IS-IS concepts relevant to this scenario:
* IS-IS Levels: IS-IS operates at two levels: Level 1 (L1) for intra-area routing and Level 2 (L2) for inter- area routing. The exhibit shows Level 2, so we're dealing with backbone routing between areas.
* Metrics in IS-IS:
* Default Metrics (Narrow Metrics): By default, IS-IS uses narrow metrics, which are limited to a maximum value of 63 per link (and a maximum path metric of 1023). This is encoded in the original IS-IS TLVs (Type 2 for LSPs).
* Wide Metrics: Wide metrics (introduced in RFC 3784) allow for larger metric values (up to
16,777,215) and are encoded in extended TLVs (Type 22 for LSPs, Type 135 for IP reachability).
Wide metrics are necessary for modern networks where higher metric values are needed for better path selection or when integrating with other protocols like OSPF.
* Load Balancing in IS-IS: IS-IS supports equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) routing, meaning if multiple paths to a destination have the same total metric, traffic can be load-balanced across those paths. For load balancing to work, all routers in the path must agree on the metrics and the paths must be equal- cost.
* TLVs and Extended Prefixes: The exhibit shows "IP extended prefix" entries, which are carried in TLV 135 (for IPv4) when wide metrics are enabled. "IP prefix" (without "extended") refers to the older TLV 128, which uses narrow metrics.
3. Analyzing the Metrics in the Exhibit
* R1's Output:
* R1 advertises 10.100.34.0/24 and 10.100.13.0/24 with a metric of 63.
* The presence of both "IP prefix" and "IP extended prefix" for the same prefix (10.100.34.0/24) suggests R1 is in transition mode. Transition mode means R1 supports both narrow and wide metrics to maintain compatibility with routers that may not support wide metrics.
* R2's Output:
* R2 advertises 10.100.12.0/24 and 10.100.23.0/24 with a metric of 1000.
* These are listed as "IP extended prefix," meaning R2 is using wide metrics (since a metric of
1000 exceeds the narrow metric limit of 63 per link).
4. Identifying the Problem
The issue is that load balancing isn't working over the new router R3. Let's evaluate why:
* Metric Discrepancy: R1 is using a metric of 63 (which fits within narrow metrics), while R2 is using a metric of 1000 (which requires wide metrics). This suggests that R1 and R2 are operating with different metric styles:
* R1 is likely in transition mode (supporting both narrow and wide metrics).
* R2 is using wide metrics exclusively (since its metric of 1000 can only be advertised using wide metrics).
* R3's Role: Since R3 is newly added and load balancing isn't working, we need to consider R3's configuration. The exhibit doesn't show R3's IS-IS database, but the options suggest a problem with wide metrics on either R1 or R3.
* Wide Metrics Requirement: For load balancing to work, all routers in the IS-IS domain must consistently use the same metric style (either all narrow or all wide). If R3 doesn't have wide metrics enabled, it can only process narrow metrics (max 63 per link). This means:
* R3 would ignore R2's advertisements (metric 1000) because they use wide metrics, which R3 can't process.
* R3 would only process R1's narrow metric advertisements (metric 63), leading to incomplete routing information and preventing load balancing.
5. Evaluating the Options
Let's go through each option to confirm the correct answer:
* A. R2 is missing internal routes for R1:
* R2's database shows prefixes like 10.100.12.0/24 and 10.100.23.0/24, but it doesn't show R1's prefixes. However, this is expected because the exhibit only shows a subset of the database. The problem is about load balancing, not missing routes entirely. R2 likely has routes from R1 but may not be able to use them for load balancing if metric styles don't match. This option is incorrect.
* B. R1 is missing internal routes for R2:
* R1's database shows its own prefixes (10.100.34.0/24, 10.100.13.0/24) but not R2's prefixes.
Again, this is likely because the exhibit is limited. R1 should have R2's routes in its database (since they're both in Level 2), but the issue is load balancing, not missing routes. This option is incorrect.
* C. R3 does not have wide-metrics enabled:
* If R3 doesn't have wide metrics enabled, it can only process narrow metrics (max 63). R2's prefixes with a metric of 1000 (using wide metrics) would be ignored by R3. This would result in R3 having an incomplete view of the network, preventing load balancing across paths that involve R2's prefixes. This aligns with the problem described and is the most likely cause. This option is correct.
* D. R1 does not have wide-metrics enabled:
* R1's output shows "IP extended prefix" entries, which are only advertised if wide metrics are enabled. R1 is likely in transition mode (advertising both narrow and wide metrics), so it does support wide metrics. This option is incorrect.
6. Why Load Balancing Fails
For load balancing to work in IS-IS, the total path metrics to a destination must be equal across multiple paths. If R3 doesn't support wide metrics:
* R3 ignores R2's prefixes (metric 1000) because they use wide metrics.
* R3 only sees R1's prefixes (metric 63) and builds its routing table based on narrow metrics.
* As a result, R3 doesn't see equal-cost paths involving R2's prefixes, and load balancing fails.
If R3 had wide metrics enabled, it would process both R1's and R2's prefixes, calculate the total path metrics, and potentially find equal-cost paths for load balancing.
7. Solution
To fix the issue, R3 needs to have wide metrics enabled. In Junos, this can be done with the following configuration:
set protocols isis level 2 wide-metrics-only
This ensures R3 uses wide metrics exclusively, matching R2's configuration and allowing it to process R2's prefixes with metrics like 1000. R1 is already in transition mode, so it will remain compatible.

NEW QUESTION # 47
Exhibit.

Referring to the exhibit, what must be changed to establish a Level 1 adjacency between routers R1 and R2?

A. Add IP addresses to the interface ge-1/2/3 unit 0 family iso hierarchy on both R1 and R2.
B. Remove the level 1 disable parameter under the R2 protocols isis interface lo0.0 configuration hierarchy.
C. Change the level 1 disable parameter under the R2 protocols isis interface ge-l/2/3.0 hierarchy to the level 2 disable parameter.
D. Change the level l disable parameter under the R1 protocols isis interface lo0.0 hierarchy to the level 2 disable parameter.

Answer: C

NEW QUESTION # 48
......

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